Unethical Practice in Business - Walmarts Gender Discrimination Essay Example for Free

Un respectable Practice in Business Walmarts Gender Discrimination Essay legion(predicate) jobes have gained a bad reputation just by being in business. To some people, businesses are interested in making money, and that is the bottom line. It could be called capitalism in its purest form. Making money is not wrong in itself. It is the manner in which some businesses conduct themselves that brings up the question of ethical style. high-priced business ethics should be a part of every business. There are many factors to consider. When a company does business with another that is considered unethical, does this make the rootage company unethical by association? Some people would say yes, the first business has a responsibility and it is now a link in the chain of unethical businesses. Many global businesses, including most of the major brands that the public uses, hindquarters be seen not to think too highly of good business ethics. Many major brands have been fined millions f or breaking ethical business laws. Money is the major deciding factor. Ethics is a branch of fond science. It deals with moral principles and social set. It helps us to classify, what is good and what is bad? It tells us to do good things and avoid doing bad things.Is ethical behavior good or bad for business? The advantages of ethical behavior include1. Higher revenues demand from positive consumer support2. Improved brand and business awareness and recognition3. Better employee motivation and recruitment4. bran-new sources of finance e.g. from ethical investors5. Business ethics offer companies a competitive advantage. Consumers learn to trust ethical brands and remain loyal to them, even during difficult periods. In 1982, Johnson Johnson spent over $100 million dollars recalling Tylenol, its best-selling product, after someone tampered with bottles of the painkiller. The company followed its credo, a set of ethical brass instrumental values, and the resultant was a adverti se in consumer confidence, despite the contamination scare. Society benefits from business ethics because ethical companies recognize their social responsibilities.6. Attract customers to the firms products, thereby boosting sales and profits7. Make employees urgency to stay with the business, reduce labor turnover and therefore increase productivity8. Attract more employees wanting to tend for the business, reduce recruitment costs and alter the company to get the most talented employees9. Attract investors and keep the companys share price high, thereby protecting the business from takeover.10. It is good for staff for morale to work in an open culture, with possible benefits of increased productivity and staff loyalty. These are vital ingredients in the current climate when staff may be pushed to the limit. An organization known for fair and responsible practice is likely to attract high quality employees and stand out from the crowd.11. Demonstrating sound ethical practices c an often be a condition for tendering for contracts with large customers needing to ensure the integrity of their supply chain. Good relationships with customers based on a commitment to honesty and transparency will heighten a companys reputation. SMEs that are familiar with these demands will have a competitive advantage.12. There would be happiness in society as people living a life of sharing and contribution.The disadvantages claimed for ethical business include 1. Higher costs e.g. sourcing from Fair-traded suppliers rather than lowest price2. Higher overheads e.g. learning communication of ethical policy3. Danger of building up false expectations.4. Business ethics reduce a companys freedom to maximize its profit. For example, a international company may move its manufacturing facility to a developing country to reduce costs. Practices acceptable in that country, such as shaver labor, poor health and safety, poverty-level wages and coerced employment will not be tolerat ed by an ethical company. Improvements in working conditions, such as a living wage and negligible health and safety standard, reduce the level of cost-savings that the company generates.5. Bad business ethics also includes illegal actions. For example, falsification of information regarding financial status can lead to criminal prosecutions of business executives. Investors can lose great sums of money due to such practices. UK clothing firm, Primark, has fired three Indian suppliers because they used child labor to finish goods.Real-World Examples of Bad Business Ethics Reputation is a companys biggest asset and bad business ethics invariably result in loss of reputation and credibility. Yet many large corporate also find themselves caught red handed indulging in shady conduct. engage on for some real life examples of bad business ethics.There are good business reasons for a strong commitment to ethical values 1. Ethical companies have been shown to be more profitable.2. Making ethical choices results in lower stress for corporate managers and other employees.3. Our reputation, good or bad, endures.4. Ethical behavior enhances leadership.5. The alternative to voluntary ethical behavior is demanding and costly regulation.

Whats Eating Gilbert Grape Essay Example for Free

Whats Eating Gilbert Grape Essay military individualnel War I was supposed(p) to be the contend that ended all wars. Instead it set the stage for future conflicts passim the 20th Century. The passel of the time called the conflict the Great War, and they believed that in that respect would never again be a nonher like it. Although the joined States tried to remain indifferent(p), it was eventually drawn into the conflict. The war had a profound effect on the nation, and touched upon many aspects of American life. When the war ended, the United States, and the world, was modificationd forever. Your Task Place all of your answers in your com personateer notebook for the pursual questions. Your notebook should include pictures, maps and anything else you urgency to firebrand your project the best. Please engross the links provided and your textual matterbook to answer the following Area 1 Choosing sides and war plans1. Using the map in your text pp. 375 and the chart on page 379, answer the following in your notebook. - confederate Powers (6 major countries) Great Britain, France, Russia, Italy, Serbia and the U.S -Central Powers (4 major countries) German, Hungarian, Turkish, Bulgarian -Neutrals (6 major countries) Switzerland, Sweden, Spain, Norway, Ireland, Denmark and the Netherlands. -What were the central and the allies called before the war? The Central world-beaters were known before the war as the Triple alliance and before the war the Allies were known as the triple entente. 2. Which side did the United States eventually join? why? All allied forces, The US had planned to stay out of the war at first. They would only send aid to the allied Powers, but they did not fight. When Germany heard they were sending aid to the Allies, they got angry and bombed angiotensin-converting enzyme of the supply institutionalizes, which really angered the US.Thus, the US joined the war on the Allied side. 3. Which country switched sides just before the war started? Why? Italy was in the Triple Alliance but past switched to fight with Russia, Britain and France and dont forget the U.S. 4. rock and describe the four long term causes of founding War I. Militarism- is when a country builds up on their armys navys and weaponry. Alliances- A union or association form for mutual benefit, esp. amidst countries or organizations. Imperialism- A policy of extending a countrys power and influence through diplomacy or military force. Nationalism- An extreme form of this, esp. tag by a feeling of superiority oer other countries.5. What was the spark that led to the immediate cause of World War I? Murder of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria set-off train reaction of national treaties guaranteeing alliances/protections and they honored those agreements until they were all at war with each other. 6. Who was General Schlieffen, and what was his plan for World War I? What was his country trying to vitiate by implementing this plan? Al fred Von Schrieffen to help Germany win a war on two fronts against France and Russia. The general gist of it was that Germany would attack France first as their army was the close organized. They would surprise the French by attacking through Belgium (not accounting for the fact that the UK would rush in to help, and that Belgium itself would put up a fight.) and spit in half half would take the coast to defend against Britain, whilst the other half would circle round and take Paris. They expected Russia would take a few weeks to get sic for war by which time they would have captured France and be ready to fight Russia.Area 2 Weapons of War1) List and describe 4 weapons introduced in World War I. Be certain(a) to explain their effectiveness and how they were use? Tank- The tank was first used at the little known Battle of Flers. It was then used with less success at the Battle of the Somme. Though the tank was highly unreli subject as one would expect from a new machine it did a great deal to end the horrors of trench war and brought back some mobility to the Western Front. Gas- to the highest degree feared of all weapons in World War One. Poison bluster was indiscriminate and could be used on the trenches even when no attack was divergence on. Whereas the machine gun killed more soldiers overall during the war, death was frequently mo or not drawn out and soldiers could find some shelter in bomb/shell craters from gunfire.A poison gas attack meant soldiers having to put on crude gas masks and if these were unsuccessful, an attack could leave a victim in agony for days and weeks before he finally succumbed to his injuries. Rifle- they used rifles to use nation duhhhh.. they could only use those because they were in a trench and it was hard to get other stuff in there. Machinegun- Machine guns inflicted appalling casualties on both(prenominal) war fronts in World War One. Men who went over-the-top in trenches stood little chance when the enemy o pened up with their machine guns. Machine guns were one of the main killers in the war and accounted for many thousands of deaths. 2) What is Propaganda? What were four reasons propaganda posters were used? Propoganda is the aim of getting people to believe your side of the story 1. They were trying to enlist people into the army.2. They were trying to convince people to ration the nourishment they used and send the rest to the soldiers 3.They were trying to convince people to grow victory gardens and send the food to soldiers 4. They were trying to show people the opposing side was a monster and to donate money/food/work to help the soldiers fight them 3) What nation produced the close to posters throughout WWI? Germany. 4) Go to sidebar to the right and click on a couple of countries England, U.S. and Germany. Are they similar? List some symbols, messages, similarities and differences, if any, in the posters. No they are not similar.Area 3 Life in the Trenches1) What is trench f oot? What caused trench foot? Trench foot is a condition of the foot resembling frostbite, caused by lengthen exposure to cold and dampness and often affecting soldiers in trenches. 2) What affects did it have on the body? What was the remedy for it? Trench foot is what you get when your feet have been opened to long periods off wet, cold, and unsanitary conditions .If the infection was left to sit without medical attention for to long it could turn into gangrenous and have to be amputated. The remedy was for officers to change their socks at least 4 times a day and wear thigh high boots. 3) Read the diary entries from Thomas Fredrick Littler and answer the following * Describe some common repetitive themes (tasks) of trench life. July 2nd 1916 (Sunday) We rested all day, and many of us are still a little shaky.July third 1916 We had a number of reinforcements sent to us, and paraded at 9-30 p.m and moved up the line to Foncquevillers a little to the north of Hebuterne and were bi lleted in cellars, sour out to work at 11-p.m and went up the trenches and in places we were waist deep in body of water, and at last got to the fire trench and went on top and put out 150yds of barbed outfit and returned to billets at 4-30 in the morning. July 4th 1916 Put another 150 yrds of barbed wire on the top and the trenches were still waist deep in water July 5th 1916 Just the same as the day before.* Define stalemate, How does the definition of this word describe life in the trenches? Stalemate in ww1 refers to the period throughout the war where trenches dominate the front-line. Like the definition stalemate, during this period the troth lines barely moved, so most historians refer to it as stalemate. 3) What was No Mans soil? (Please be sure to describe at least three distinct features) No Mans Land is the area of land between the trenches of the opposing forces. To get to No Mans Land you had to quail under barbed wire . While in No Mans Land you were at high risk of dying as you could easily be torpedo dead by a sniper bullet. You were most likely be taken down by machine guns or simple assault rifles, if you went to No Mans Land snipers were for long distances for the enemies who were in trenches. The machine guns that the Germans had were much more advanced the English ones were more basic Area 4 America enters the War1) What was the Lusitania? What is the significance of the Lusitania in the War? How many people died and were there any Americans on board? Lusitania was a ship built by Cunard for the Admiralty, who loaned the shipbuilder 2,600,000 pounds for the construction of two ships, the Lusitania and her infant ship RMS Mauretania. Both ships were to be built to Admiralty standards for heavy cruisers and during time of war would be placed in the service of the British Navy. Carried Americans. On the Lusitania a sum of money of 1,198 people died (785 passengers and 413 crew). Those killed included 128 US citizens. 2) How many Alli ed and Neutral ships were lost to wedge heels in 1917? How much total number of Allied and Neutral ships were sunk by submarines between 1914-1918? (Scroll downits there) there were 2,439 ships were lost. There were 4,837sunk.3) What is the Zimmerman Telegram and who wrote it? Why did Americans feel threatened by this telegram? (Think Monroe Doctrine). The Zimmermann Telegram (or Zimmermann Note Zimmermann-Depesche Telegrama Zimmermann) was a 1917 proposal, Arthur Zimmermann wrote it. The British intercepted a telegram sent from Germany to Mexico asking the Mexicans to attack the U.S. if the U.S. got involved in WWI. They promised the Mexicans money and a return of AZ, CA, NM territory lost by the Mexicans to the U.S. in the Mexican American War of 1846-8. Mexico considered it, after all, they did not like the U.S. or Wilson, but were more afraid of the U.S. than Germany. Plus, Germany is 1000s of miles away it was one of the factors that helped bring us into the war. 4) In the tel egram, what did the German government decide to begin on Feb. 1, 1917? What was promised to Mexico in the telegram?5) When does the Untied States declare war on Germany? Who was John J. Pershing? There were two major reasons. archetypal off, the German U-Boats sank 3 passenger ships carrying US civilians and citizens. As if that wasnt enough, the Germans sent the Zimmerman code, which was a code (intercepted and decoded by Britain) that asks Mexico to ally itself with the Axis (or, at least Germany). If Mexico does ally itself with the Axis, then the Axis would help Mexico take back some of the original Mexican lands that the US took over. Seeing this, the US got pissed (after a large amount of casualties and a lethal threat note) and began to attack (or, declare war on Germany). Because the British were overly going against Germany, and Britain was once the US homeland, the US joined war on the Allies side. John. J. Pershing was a general officer in the United States Army who led the American Expeditionary Forces in World War I.Pershing is the only person to be promoted in his own lifetime to the highest rank ever held in the United States ArmyGeneral of the Armies (a retroactive Congressional edict passed in 1976 promoted George working capital of the United States to the same rank but with higher seniority1). Pershing holds the first United States officer service number (O-1). He was regarded as a mentor by the propagation of American generals who led the United States Army in Europe during World War II, including George C. Marshall, Dwight D. Eisenhower, Omar N. Bradley, and George S. Patton. 6) What was the Brest-Litovsk pact? How did it affect the fighting on the Western Front? (Think Schlieffen Plan) The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk was a peace treaty signed on marching 3, 1918, at Brest-Litovsk (now Brest, Belarus) between the Russian SFSR and the Central Powers, marking Russias exit from World War I. it make fighting more intense on the western front. Area 5 Results of the War1) What was the name of President Wilsons Speech to Congress on January 8, 1918? 14 points. 2) Through the points mentioned in the above article, howdoes Wilson address * Imperialism-* Militarism-* Navigation of the seas-* International trade-* Self-determination What does this mean-* federation of Nations-3) How does the US Congress feel about the League of Nations? Why is this League set up for failure? 4) In Articles 231232 of the Treaty of Versailles, what is Germany responsible for? 5) What happened to most of Wilsons Points in the final draft of the Treaty of Versailles? Why? 6) What country lost the most soldiers, and has the most missing, How many American soldiers died and what was the total number of soldiers who died in the war? 7) When did the war end? When was the Treaty of Versailles signed? Why are these dates significant? 8) Why did this attitude of an unfair peace and US noninvolvement in the League of Nations help set up the foundations f or a new world conflict? Reflection appellationHistorical ContextWorld War I was supposed to be the war that ended all wars. Instead it set the stage for future conflicts throughout the 20th Century. The people of the time called the conflict the Great War, and they believed that there would never again be another like it. Although the United States tried to remain neutral, it was eventually drawn into the conflict. The war had a profound effect on the nation, and touched upon many aspects of American life. When the war ended, the United States, and the world, was changed forever. Using the training acquired from your Webquest, write a well-constructed essay including the following * An Introduction, body and conclusion.* Evidence of proof readinggrammar and spelling do not interfere with the message. * Answer a separate sheet of base to be used as a rough draft for your next test. -List and describe the long and short-term causes of World War I. Be sure to also include how the a greements at the Treaty of Versailles left many of the causes still in place after the war. -Be sure to use specific examples from your World War I Webquest as well as other information provided in class. -Be sure your thesis is supported through the body and conclusion from this packet and other information from this unit. -Be sure the essay has clarity and answers the question.On Sunday, June 28, 1914, in Sarajevo, Bosnia, an 18-year-old Serbian named Gavrilo Princip, shot and killed Archduke Francis Ferdinand and his wife Duchess Sophie while they were driving in an open car. Princip belonged to a sercet terror society, called the mordant Hand, that wanted to rid Bosnia of Austrian rule and unite it with Serbia. The assassination led to the first World War. This terrible conflict latsed over 4 years, involved over 30 nations, and claimed more than 20,000,000 lives, both miltary and civilian. It cost billions of dollars, destroyed Europe, crumbled empires, and sowed seeds of Worl d War 2. There were also others causes that led up to World War 1. Over time, countries in Europe made mutual defense agreements that would pull them into battle. If one country was attacked, allied countries were bound to defend them. Before World War 1, the following alliances existed Russia and Serbia, Germany and Austria-Hungary (The treble Alliance 1879), France and Russia (Franco-Russian Alliance 1891), Britain and France and Belgium, and Japan and Britain. Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia (July 28, 1914), Russia got involved to defend Serbia.Germany seeing Russia mobilizing, declared war on Russia (August 1, 1914). France was then drawn in against Germany and AustriaHungary (August 3, 1914). Germany attacked France through Belgium pulling Britain into war (August 4, 1914). This eventually split the continent into two hostile sides. The Central Powers (Germany, Austria-Hungary, afterwards joined by Bulgaria and the Ottoman Empire), and the Allies (Great Britain, France , Russia, later joined by Japan, Italy, and the United States). Another factor that increased the rivalry in Europe was imperialism. Before World War 1, Africa and parts of Asia were areas of conflict between the European countries. This was because of the raw materials these areas could provide. The increasing competition and desire for greater empires led to an increase in conflict that helped start World War I. Militarism means that the army and military forces are given a high profile by the government.The division between European countries and militarism, or a policy of glorying military power and keeping an army prepared for war, led to an arms race between the main countries, another cause of World War I. The armies of both France and Germany had more than two-fold between 1870 and 1914, and there was fierce competition between Britain and Germany for mastery of the seas. In the fall of 1914, a series of battles occured in the region of northern France known as the Western Front. During this time a German general, named Alfred Graf von Schlieffen, had drawn up a plan, called the Schlieffen Plan, which called for attacking and defeating France in the west and rushing to fight Russia in the east. By betimes September, German troops had reached the outskirts of Paris. But, on September 5, the Allies attacked the Germans northeast of Paris, in the valley of Marne River. The Germans retreated after four days of fighting. The Battle of the Marne was an important battle because the French and British forces were able to stop the Schlieffen plan for a quick victory.However, the German army was not beaten, and its successful retreat ended all bank of a short war. By early 1915, armies on the Western Front began digging long trenches to protect themselves from opposing armies. This became known as trench warfare where soldiers fought each other from trenches. New technology, such as machine guns, poison gas, tanks, and submarines, allowed armies to wipe out e ach other more quickly. War was also going on in a region known as the Eastern Front, which strecthed along the Russian and German border. In this region, the Russian and the Serbs fought the Germans and Austro-Hungarians. Here, the Russians lost many lives. adjacent the town of Tannenberg, the Germans defeated the Russians killing over 30,000 Russian soldiers. In September 1914, after defeating the Austrians twice, the Russians were defaeted by the Austrians pushing them out of Austria-Hungary. By 1916, Russia was practiced collapse.Russia was less change than the other European countries, but they had a large population which allowed their army to rebuilt its ranks. In Feburary 1915, the Allies made an effort to take the Dardanelles strait, which led to the Ottoman capital Constantinople. Taking over this region, would allow them to defeat the Turks and make a supply line to Russia. This became known as the Gallipoli campaign. The Gallipoli peninsula was attacked by British, Fr ench, Australian, and New Zealand troops. By May, the campaign turned bloody. In December, the Allies began to evacuate. They had lost over 250,000 soldiers. Germanys colonies in Africa and Asia were attacked. The Japanese defeated the Germans in China and captured Germanys Pacific island colonies.Four of Germanys colonies were attacked by France and England who took control of three of the colonies. Soldiers and laborers from India, second Africa, Senegal, Egypt, Algeria, and Indochina joined their French or British rulers in hope that their service would lead to their independence. In 1917, many wars took place on the sea. During the year, the Germans used unrestricted submarine warfare, in which the submarines would sink without warning any ships in the water around Britain. In Janurary 1917, a German submarine sunk the British passenger ship Lusitania which left 1,198 people dead, including 128 United States citizens. Germany claimed the ship had been carrying ammunition, but s till recevied strong protests from President Woodrow Wilson. After two more attacks, the Germans agreed to stop attacking neutral and passenger ships. In February 1917, United States officals intercepted a telegram from Arthur Zimmermann, Germanys foreign secretary, which stated that Germany would help Mexico regain the land it lost to the United States if Mexico would help Germany fight.This pushed President Wilson, on April 2, 1917, to ask Congress to declare war on Germany. The United States then joined the Allies. When the United States entered the war, the war had already been going on for three years. World War 1 became a total war because all of the countries devoted their resources to the war. The wartime government took control of the economy and told factories what and how much to produce. Nearly every civilian able to work was put to work. Governments began rationing or limiting the number of goods people bought that might be needed at war and using propaganda to put peop le in favor of the war. Women were also a big help by taking over factories jobs and helping the wounded on the battlefield. In March 1917, tsar Nicholas was forced to step down due the shortages of fuel and food in Russia.By 1917, about 5.5 million Russian soldiers were either killed, wounded, or a captive of war. Russia refused to fight anymore. In November 1917, a Communist leader, named Vladimie llyich Lenin took control and insisted on pulling Russia out of the war. Germany and Russia signed the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk which ended the war between them in March 1918. In May 1918, the Germans again reached the Marne River. In July 1918, the Allies and the Germans fought the second battle of Marne. The weakened Central Powers were unable to fight off the Allies. The Bulgarians first surrendered and then the Ottomans. In Germany, the soldiers and the people revolted.On November 9, 1918, Kaiser Wilhelm II stepped down, and Germany became a republic with socialist Friedrich Elbert as president. A representative of the new German government met with Commander Marshal Foch rise Paris. They signed an armistice or an agreement to stop fighting. On November 11, the Great War came to an end. World War 1 left the nations of Europe devastated. France and England had large debts. Germany, near economic collapse, was told to pay reparations that it could not pay. For hope the Germans turned to a man, named Adolf Hitler, that promised to avenge Germanys defeat. This would soon lead to another bloody war in the years to come.

Case Study Templeton hardware

grounds Study Templeton hardw atomic number 18Executive SummaryThis report provides an analysis on the eluding study of Templeton hardware and its acquisition of the two companies, videlicet lodest unity landscapes and the great outdoors. Through this case study of Templeton hardware, it green goddess be seen t touch on into the acquisition of this two companies defecate had its detrimental effects, therefore requiring the need to accurately identify the source problems. Three toolkits are practiced in this report to diagnose the issues that are present. They are namely SWOT analysis (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats), six thinking hats and brainstorming. These toolkits help to remove the communication barriers and organisational conflicts which are present. Adding to the toolkits, interventions could be apply together with the toolkits to ease the win over process in the organisation. The report proceeds on to provide further recommendation which could be us ed as a platform to make necessary changes to curb the frugal downfall of Templeton Hardware. The recommendations thus aim to aid in the recovery process. It is recommended that Templeton Hardware should set goals and targets with their employees which are both challenging and achievable. This would enhance cooperation and cohesiveness among the employees in the company. interpellation strategies basin overly be used to achieve the organizations overall effectiveness.1. IntroductionThis report recommends measures and solutions to Templeton Hardware on improving business prospects and helping the organization structure in the best approach to enhance its performance. The toolkits that have been used to diagnose and identify key issues are the SWOT analysis (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats), six thinking hats and brainstorming.1.1 Case Overview and Key IssuesTempleton Hardware was Australias makeing hardware chain. It derived The Great Outdoors and Lodest one a nd only(a) Landscapes to cement its place as the leading retailer of all things outdoor. Its CEO, Jacquie Todori certitude had drove what was later discovered as a poor business decision with detrimental effects for the organisation. The Difference in focus styles caused organisational conflicts and problems started to cut one at a time. Expectations were not met and the business as a whole was spiralling downwards at an alarming rate. The board was not happy with Jacquies decision and was anticipating changes to the company.2. diagnosis2.1 SWOT AnalysisSWOT analysis is employed at a oversight level to evaluate the current position of the business and determine proximo focussing strategies by putting problems into perspective. It to a fault helps to uncover opportunities that butt be exploited, manage and minimise threats, under(a)stand business weaknesses and capatalise on company strengths (Clark, 2008). 2.1.1 StrengthsStrengths are the subjective characteristics of the business that give it a competitive edge over others(Marketing Teacher, 2000). Templeton Hardware was recognised as Australias biggest hardware chain which shows its position as a food merchandise leader. They solidd a significant portion of the market share and had the capability to acquire two established companies. Templeton Hardware had a constant growth vision to lard and diversify its companys products and to enter various market segments to make it more profitable. Part of its growth vision required decisions which had adverse effects and Templeton Hardwares willingness to take the risk to acquire the two companies can be considered a strength. Templeton Hardwares decision to offer jobs to the franchisees shows the necessary measures taken to retain employees and keep them in employment without retrenching them.2.1.2 WeaknessesWeaknesses are internal aspects that could peradventure endanger the business or obstruct further economic growth (Mindtools, 1996). Insufficient market search and lack of foresight led to a twilight in gross revenue targets and failing to achieve its profit expectations. The loss of product exclusivity resulted in Templeton Caravans not being able to attract its primary target audience, basically the baby boomers, whom were perceived as having the capital and mindset to purchase caravans. Templeton Caravans had clearly failed to understand the trends, mindset and spending patterns of baby boomers and that led to dissatisfaction and avoidance. The change in management style saw few franchisees from Lodestone Landscapes accept offers in the new organisation, namely Templeton Landscape Solutions, and even they decided to leave after a menses of time. The acquisition of The Great Outdoors led to generic products being produced. Products were generally seen as being mass produced and not client specific. By outsourcing the projects it had received, Templeton Landscape Solutions managed its talents under the weather and ove rall service standards dropped. The company as a whole saw negative survey comments and this poor feedback started to feed its growing unfavourable reputation. The organisation also had ineffective management of its resources and had not been hiring enough mental faculty to ensure work ran efficiently in the optimum manner.2.1.3 OpportunitiesOpportunities are external aspects that an organisation can use to its advantage to remediate populateent conditions (The Economic Times, 2014). Templeton Hardware should first hold back into achieving a good financial position which would improve its declining reputation and would enable it to secure bank loans for future investments. It should also look into sending its employees and management executives for team building activities and to increase the cohesiveness among them. By providing its staff with the relevant skills, its workforce can be effectively managed and relevant departments could have job specialists who have broad acquai ntance on their job scope. This helps to reduce the role ambiguity among its staff since an employee is delegate to few specific tasks and not many interdepartmental roles. Templeton Hardware could also invest in technological infrastructure to improve its customer management system. Employees can then follow up with clients in a more efficient manner and this removes the need for clients to repeat themselves which dealing with different. This system could also record a history of transactions to facilitate future purchases or warranty conditions. Templeton Hardware could move into creating a conglomerate-like business model by having unrelated businesses running under one roof, move its existing products into new market sectors or seek takeover opportunities from competitors whom are on the verge of bankruptcy.2.1.4 ThreatsThreats are components in the business purlieu that could cause potentially cause trouble for the organisation (The Economic Times, 2014). The large and increas ing number of competitors could give potential choices to its customers and could deter them from purchasing at Templeton Hardware. This could lead to loss of market share and revenue and pave further downfall. Continuous usage of outsourcing its projects can result in its outsourcing companies becoming competitors in the future as they will now have direct contact with the clients. With respect to its employees, the companys inability to retain existing employees would cause a loss in tacit knowledge and staffs years of experience and it may have to consume time and resources to train new employees. The rising cost of wages and higher employer to employee contributions could affect the profitability of the business. Also, if Templetons existing products lines become unpopular or not needed in large quantities, downsizing of the organisation would be a looming possibility. The SWOT analysis diagnoses in a prioritised manner and actions can be taken accordingly. The SWOT analysis off ers a way of collecting data but can erstwhile(prenominal)s be used as an overview of the situation.2.2 Six Thinking HatsThe Six Thinking Hats is used in business settings by various organizations. During meetings, everyone present would have to put on different hats and approach the problems from different perspectives. This notion allows organizations to diagnose issues effectively, make better decisions and come up with creative ideas (De Bono Consulting, 2000). there is no one best approach to utilise the six thinking hats with reference to which hat should be used first.2.2.1 White Thinking HatThis hat is used to gather tellation that is required to actors line the issue at hand. Data is presented objectively without the front of arguments and beliefs. (Volunteering North Queensland Inc, 2003) In the case of Templeton Hardware, it can be seen that it is currently facing an economic downfall and the presence of a new competitor in the market added pressure. Templeton Hardwa re had acquired two reputable companies, namely The Great Outdoors and Lodestone Landscapes. After the acquisitions, the franchisees were offered jobs but they were rejected. The centralized outlook was seen by the baby boomers as a big generic business which impacted the exclusivity of the caravans. Feedback from customers projected poor customer follow-up, constant rotation of sales persons and poor time management. The customers also disliked the impersonal approach of Templeton Hardware and outsourcing. Lastly, the board was unhappy as the business was declining.2.2.2 Red Thinking HatFeelings and emotions are addressed when using this hat. (De Bono Thinking Systems, 1992). The red hat identified the boards unhappiness and frustrations with the companys performance. In addition, the franchisees who were offered jobs after Templeton Hardwares acquisition left after sometime due to conflicting management styles. The board was also fearful of losing the companys image and reputatio n to a competitor. The annoyance and dissatisfaction among customers was evident by the feedback received and the baby boomers were discomfited with the lack of exclusivity of the caravans.2.2.3 Black Thinking HatThis hat helps to identify complications and limitations in a situation and helps to steer the organization into the right path. (Mercier Associates, 2012). The lack of market research conducted prior to the two acquisitions and the overconfidence of the board led to the downfall of Templeton Hardware. The board was not prepared for failure and there was no contingency plans in the accompaniment of a failure. Templeton Hardware did not understand the spending trends and mindset of their target audience, namely the baby-boomers, which led to the outlook of low brand exclusivity. This resulted in declining sales and manageable bankruptcy. Poor customer service was evident from the customer feedback. Clients were unhappy that Templeton Hardware outsourced their projects i nstead of getting it done on their own. However, the shortage of manpower could be one of the factors why it had done so. It may be necessary for Templeton Hardware to increase their expenditure with regards to hiring new staff and training them.2.2.4 Yellow Thinking HatThis hat signifies positive thinking, new possibilities and advantages. (Volunteering North Queensland Inc, 2003). The acquisitions of the two companies showed Templeton Hardwares plans to enter a new market segment and increase its profits. By increasing its staff, its efficiency can improve and can lead to a positive impact on sales targets and customer satisfaction. Better sales numbers can also increase the long-run sustainability of the organization and market share with the possibility of overthrowing its competitor.2.2.5 Green Thinking HatThis hat helps individuals to come up with new recommendations and alternatives to solve the companys problems through creative thinking (Marissa Martinez, 2009). Templeton Hardwares board could restructure the organization into a more de-centralized one and re-brand its products to increase its exclusivity. Templeton Hardware can improve productivity and time management standards by looking at how other companies operate. Advertisements can be placed in the media for job positions and opportunities to bring in an influx of employees to solve the shortage of staff. Employees should be given opportunities to voice out their concerns and put through special programs to enhance their level of service orientation and communication skills when handling customers. Job scopes can also be better enlarged and enriched in order to improve performance standards.2.2.6 Blue Thinking HatThis hat sets the agenda for meetings, manages the processes and helps to reach productive conclusions (De Bono Consulting, 2000). There is a primary need to identify the issues, analyse them and solve the problems. Some of the key objectives would be to ensure the long-term sustaina bility of the company, improving the job security of employees so as to prevent the shortage of manpower, improving customer satisfaction by sending the employees for training and lastly to regain a bigger piece of the market share in order to have a competitive edge over the new competitor. Templeton Hardware can reach these objectives by adopting a change in management. The staff should also be briefed about the challenges during and after the change (Holley et al, 2011). In addition, the creation of a clear company vision would better inform its employees of the companys core values. It is also imperative that the transmutation is managed effectively and a momentum is sustained after this transition. After the transition period is over, the team can strategise to increase the profitability of the organization.2.3 BrainstormingBrainstorming is often used as an effective tool to come up with innovative solutions for problems which may exist internally or externally in an organisat ion. A general process can be used to create an outline of the issues and solutions to the key problems (Oslapas, 1993). 2.3.1 Problem definitionThe primary(prenominal) problem to be addressed would be the declining yields and returns in Templeton Hardwares business model. The customers, the companys board and management and organisations circumstances are established criterias to be used to convene the brainstorming.2.3.2 Collating Data Creating SolutionsThe management decision to acquire two new companies without enough market research and its lack of foresight is evident. It failed to foresee all the outcomes that may arise from the acquistion and was overconfident that the outcome would be a positive one. The solution would simply be to conduct more extensive research on market conditions and heighten products according to the market needs and requirements. Templeton Hardware should also look into enhancing its brand value and exclusivity. The companys board should take a mo re proactive role in reservation major decisions from a broader perspective and contingency plans can be drawn up in the event of an adverse outcome. The change in management styles and poor employee management led to high job dissatisfaction levels. This impacted employee retention numbers and the employees willingness to remain at the organisation as they did not feel appreciated. The employees matt-up overworked and were unsure of their own job scope as they had been tasked with interdepartmental duties. Team building and bonding enables each of their staff to get to know one another(prenominal) better and increases the staff unity and morale (Spaho, 2013). To prevent the staff from feeling stagnant in their job, they should implement job enlargement measures by retaining its existing staff and retraining them with the necessary skills (Cloke et al, 2000). Employees can also be more involved in decision making as this would give them a sense of responsibleness and make them fee l valued in the company. A flatter organisation structure would bridge the gap between the management and the employees and help the management to get a bottom up perspective from ground zero.Customer service declined as employees were usually engaged in multiple responsibilities. This made customers dissatisfied and sales targets were not achieved. Previously, it was perceived that if a customer had patronised the store and purchased something, he/she would return to make future transactions. However, this is a wrong perspective and Templeton Hardware should look into providing something which surpasses its competitors marketing strategies. This could be customer service or the use of an no frills, rock bottom pricing marketing strategy. By adopting a customer centric structure, they need to train staff to have higher service standards (Pathak, 2010). The staff should understand customer needs and should be rewarded accordingly using performance appraisals or awards as a form of r ecognition (Lucas, 2009).3. RecommendationsTempleton Hardware should look into team building and team bonding activities to enhance cohesiveness while increasing its autonomy to involved more employees in the decision making. It should retain and retrain existing staff to increase job productivity and specialisation. Temporary downsizing should be employ if the situation calls for. Through investments in technological infrastructure and by adopting a customer centric structure, it can enhance its customer management system. Templeton Hardware can also create a RD department to conduct extensive market and product research. The board should also contribute by increasing its pro-activeness in making decisions and contingency planning. It can also look into potentially enhancing the brand value and image through marketing campaigns or word of mouth.4. ConclusionIn conclusion, by using the appropriate Organization Development Consultants Toolkits such as SWOT Analysis, Six Thinking Ha ts and brainstorming, a deeper perspective of the companys situation has been attained. The main problems have been identified and a constructive approach can be taken towards resolving the problems. From the diagnosis conducted using these toolkits, enhancing Templeton Hardwares overall cohesiveness while maintaining the level of employee performance and management is a realistic target. Furthermore, implementing structural change strategies during organization change would further enhance organization effectiveness and better facilitate the transition period.

Reflection on the Concept of Knowledge

Reflection on the Concept of KnowledgeThat which is take toed as noesis today is sometimes discarded tomorrow. project knowledge issues raised by this statework forcet in two areas of knowledge.Satyajith BotchaPlato once said, Knowledge is a justified, honest belief. 1Its not just systematic constitution of facts, but what an psyche deems true and invests faith in. When we talk about knowledge being discarded, does it cockeyed that its nullified and not further used? Or, does it mean that its temporarily ignored due to differing opinions? In my opinion, knowledge can be debunked as in, discarded or temporarily put on hold, very much like theories. As the statement is further explored, another questions arises as to who accepts knowledge or who discards, it? I study, knowledge should always be backed by veritable evidence.In my study, I want to explore the multiple perspectives the various possibilities, ideas, and the holistic view on which our world ought to be explored, in order to understand what knowledge truly is and its significance on our lives. One begins to question the usefulness of knowledge if it would eventually be coiffure obsolete allways? If knowledge can change so easily, do we have the right to question the validity of the current theorems if they would only have a temporary existence?I believe that eventually it is up to the individual to accept knowledge as it is today. However, if one wants to question it, they have the right to do so because, if no one questioned information bare-asser information would neer come into existence and the world would never progress. This does not mean that in our progress toward the future we can forget the past. In the modern world, two widely cognise areas of knowledge which have numerous practical applications, the natural sciences and history have undergone drastic changes revolutionizing each field. To further my study I will be exploitation three different ways of knowing reason, sense p erception and emotion.History as we know is a record of our entire past experiences, information and ideas. It shows us the way the world was, or what we thought was in the previous generations. We can clearly see by means of a panorama of perception, the radical change in knowledge, evident in modern gentlemans different way of thinking than from that of their ancestors. On the other hand, the natural sciences, we see sweeping changes all everyplace the globe occurring even as we speak. We are given new things to see, to explore and to question due to the rapid development in technology and scientific research. But, how legalise is this? Is it possible that some of the material we know today is perhaps less sensible than that of the outdated discoveries, or information that our ancestors perceived as the right ones? If so, how do we bank on what is right and what is wrong, or how do we predict what could change and what could not?A theory that has long been discarded is that of spontaneous generation2. This stated that human beings originated from inanimate lifeless substances, such as rocks. Our ancestors developed this through viewing the growth of maggots from rotting meat. Although this concept seems ridiculous now, we must understand that this theory was believed by most of the 19th century scientists. In fact, it was considered as a scientific fact. However, the theory of falsification3 that basically tells us that there is an inherent possibility that a hypothesis or theory can be false is an example of the instability of knowledge. This is where those who believe in wide-range perception come in. This is where perception kicks in as a key element to survival and to understanding knowledge. Spontaneous generation was countered by Luis Pasteur in 1859, putting it to test4. He had placed two pieces of meat in fracture jars, one opened and the other closed. He observed maggots only growing in the one that was opened. Thus, he concluded that the orig ins of the maggots must be from outside, living organisms in the air. In truth it was flies that had laid their eggs in the meat to nourish their young. In an instant our view of the world and the perspective of the origins of life were debunked. even people began to believe just as tout ensemble in a whole new theory proposed by Pasteur5. On this basis, at this rate, if a major(ip) portion of an entire generation would believe in the same fact for years without doubt, then where does the fate of human kind lie?.I believe that I can find the right information using both intuition and reasoning. For example, when you look at all the historians that worked hard to define knowledge through their works or investigations, you see flaws in the knowledge that we had blindly believed for generations. The internet eras historic event, The World Trade Centre 9/11 attack, was claimed by conspiracy theorists to have collapsed in 9 seconds inciting probable links to the centre being rigged wit h explosives prior to the attack6. This theory was supported by Rosie ODonnell who stated that investigation was must. If this wasnt ever questioned, an entire historic event would scarce be falsified in records due to a one persons wrong research. Many people wouldve believed her account despite never even witnessing the actual footage of the twist collapsing, which took almost 20 plus seconds. This defies the entire logic of the mental synthesis falling at free-fall speed, shattering the entirely false conspiracy. Not only can such theory affect the emotional stability of researchers, patriots and common men and women, but can create a sore patch in the minds of the victims families that actually underwent trauma through such events. Nevertheless, we now understand that the peculiar collapsing of the building was due to the fact that it had been built with triangles around the sectors of the building because of its enormity. A majority of people, however, did not know the truth and based their views on less knowledge associated with something never completely understood. Only when people started looking into the matter themselves was it instantly debunked. If this same process was repeated throughout history, we could find many loopholes. Ultimately, it lies in the individual, whether one would accept or deny the knowledge granted. Perception is what drives this people choose what they believe in.Our reasoning cannot always be right but we are rational beings, receptive of making informed decisions with some prior knowledge. Some essential human based facts always will persist and the key to understanding these facts is beyond simply accepting them. To truly understand a concept one must ask questions about that specific subject and their knowledge can either be further strengthened or their entire perception could change. People unnecessarily take information sculpted by someone elses research without doing any of their own based on the idea that the re searcher who took the time to do the investigation must be correct. It must be regarded as false until the stagecoach when the one who receives the information actually looks into the matter and validates the knowledge.In a world where information changes every day, some persist, and some simply vanish creating needless new ideas. One such idea that had been so ingrained in the mind of humanity was the concept of a static universe. This image of the universe had persisted even until the 20th century. In fact, one of the greatest intellectual minds Albert Einstein even believed in this concept. When he had created his theory of the universe, the general theory of relativity, in 1915 he added a completely irrelevant and seemingly random concept just to accommodate it. He introduced the idea of a cosmological constant, an all pervading force that would prevent the universe spotting from gravity and remain static. Before this, though Edwin Hubble had observed a red shift in the galax ies nearby and an even larger shift in those further. A red shift occurs when light that is emitted by a source, a galaxy for example, that is moving away from the observer becomes elongated. This phenomenon was observed on all sides of us and it increases with distance, importation that the universe was expanding in all directions. Einstein did not accept this knowledge and had unnecessarily complicated his theory by adding a constant that clearly do no sense. The information that was proven true was not accepted, as a previous knowledge was stuck in his mind restricting his ability to formulate a realistic theory. Later, he understood the validity of the information and incorporated the idea of an expanding universe into his theory. A theory previously thought false was proven true and needlessly discarded.But, the urge to question, the urge to want to know more will always be a crucial part of the human mind. This is what will cartroad us to want to change the knowledge we kno w today and enhance current knowledge. It doesnt stop there though perception is the key to meet a knowledgeable thinker. If one thinks critically about all the minute and grand paradigms of the universe, the inventive scope for more knowledge could be limitless.Bibliographyhttp//oregonstate.edu/instruct/phl201/modules/Philosophers/Protagoras/protagoras_plato_knowledge.htmhttp//science.howstuffworks.com/ conception/scientific-experiments/scientific-method5.htmhttp//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Falsifiabilityhttp//listverse.com/2009/01/19/10-debunked-scientific-beliefs-of-the-past/http//www.pasteurbrewing.com/the-life-and-work-of-louis-pasteur/experiments/louis-pasteurs-experiment-to-refute-spontaneous-generation/204.htmlhttp//www.debunking911.com/freefall.htm11 http//oregonstate.edu/instruct/phl201/modules/Philosophers/Protagoras/protagoras_plato_knowledge.htm2 http//science.howstuffworks.com/innovation/scientific-experiments/scientific-method5.htm3 http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Falsifiabil ity4 http//listverse.com/2009/01/19/10-debunked-scientific-beliefs-of-the-past/5 http//www.pasteurbrewing.com/the-life-and-work-of-louis-pasteur/experiments/louis-pasteurs-experiment-to-refute-spontaneous-generation/204.html6 http//www.debunking911.com/freefall.htm

Impact of Pro-Eating Disorder Websites

Impact of Pro- eat Disorder WebsitesKosalina Vignarajah Harithra ChandraseharAbstractThis paper examines the impact of pro- consume disorder websites as de bournined by the inquiryes d whizz on the bea. During the unravel of this paper, we have exactly throw outvas the findings, methodologies and demonstrations given in eight research papers season providing suggestions for our opinions on them. After the analysis, we have come to a conclusion that pro- have disorder websites are harmful to both novice viewers and regular viewers as these websites vetoly affect the self-esteem, perceptions of beauty and the patterns of thinking. However, these websites are also a forum done which people with eating disorders communicate, which acts a supportive network, and is thitherfore positive as well.Key words Pro-eating disorder websites, thinspiration, Pro-ana/pro-mia.Kosalina VignarajahIntroductionNothing tastes as good as thin feels is a quote which is often seen in pro-eating dis order websites (Bardone-Cone Cass, 2006). Pro-eating disorder movements or websites focus mainly on influencing individuals to practice baffled behaviors of eating (by sometimes undermining the harm it can do) and increasing the eating disorder behaviors overtime without seeking treatments from professionals. These websites claim that they are pro-ana and/or pro-mia (for anorexia and binge-eating syndrome respectively) and that they re infix a modus vivendi choice rather than eating disorders (Csipke and Horne, 2007).The objective of this paper is to understand the impact of pro-eating disorder websites on people. This paper will mainly focus on why pro-eating disorder movements negatively impacts people already diagnosed with eating disorders. improverally, this paper will have an in-depth explanation of pro-eating disorder websites, what these websites contain that benefits and negatively impacts the social functionrs, find enchant approaches to reduce the consequences of th ese sites, the precautious steps that clinical professionals/therapists could contract to help the victims, and the limitations and possible future studies will also be explored.Pro-Eating Disorder websitesPro-eating disorder websites are where individuals with anorexia or bulimia join together to feel like a community, share values and beliefs (Csipke and Horne, 2007). These movements are especially spread through websites have main three goals the sites hold from seeking professional help increase the behavior of eating disorder, and using the guise of support to harm the users (Yom-Tov, Fernandez-Luque, Weber, Crain, 2012).Csipke and Horne (2007) have characterized websites regarding eating disorders into four main types (1) eating disorder websites run by professionals cin one caserned with wellness (2) recovery sites run by people with eating disorders (3) moderate pro-ED sites that consists of beliefs and quotes regarding being thin, and (4) severe pro-ED sites that consi sts of ANA creed or commandments which is similar to a movement and contains inspirational facts and information just about maintaining a low body weight and looking thin.Most of these sites contain images and messages that motivate broken behaviors drugs that help induce vomit chatrooms that include individuals that support each other a disclaimer to warn people who accidently come across the site and sometimes information about the organizer of this site is given (Overbeke, 2008). Also most of the sites have calorie charts and BMI calculator to advice the users of the exercises to undertake, to reduce weight and to help hide the disorders from others (Csipke and Horne, 2007).Addition to sharing thinspiration pictures of thin supermodels, the users who have eating disorders find themselves more deep into these websites because of the identity that these sites provide. And in this way, they are taught self control on food usance and encourage to diet or fast with other fellow cha tters, this is one of the main defense statement of pro-eating websites (Csipke and Horne, 2007). The electrical capacitys of these sites could be harmful and is a health concern, as explained below.Impact of Pro-Eating disorder websitesCsipke and Horne (2007) concluded that in that location was a positive impact (without counting the motivation to diet together) on snitch users of the pro-eating website , who were supported emotionally found themselves connecting with other users who had the same view and thought than the silent users who were physically supported to maintain restricted eating behaviors. It is important to remember that a frequent user of the sites is not safe from disordered eating behavior, and also it is difficult for the users to come out of this behavior to recover because these sites gives them an identity.Despite giving sense of belongingness, web identity, and practical information in regards to anorexia, the sites have negative impacts such as lowered self esteem, and self-efficacy of being perceived as overweight which leads to eating disorders (Overbeke, 2008).For example, Bardone-Cone and Cass (2006) utter that women who viewed pro-anorexia website showed an increase on their perceived weight and a decrease in how attractive they looked to opposite sex compared with women who viewed neutral sites, thus both the mood and the information of women are affected by viewing pro-eating disorder movement websites. Also users of pro-ana sites had a longer duration of illnesses and high number of absenteeism of school due to health concerns (Overbeke, 2008).The impact of pro-eating disorder on eating disorder is a topic that requires more caution in the future, especially the role the sites play in dowery to maintain and increase eating disorder behaviors, an explanation of these popularities despite the negative impact and the reasons for why the individuals continue access these sites (Overbeke, 2008).Approaches to Reduce the Imp act of Pro-Eating Disorders WebsitesA founder approach can be taken to pr raset these sites causing more harmful effects such as a censorship to shut floor these sites from stopping the frequent users and also the users yet to connect with the site members (Csipke and Horne, 2007).Parents should also educate themselves and their children with media literacy that gives a critical evaluation of the media and its messages and it is wiser to use block technology at home computers if the children were alone with a technical device or else place the computers in public area of the house (Bardone-Cone and Cass, 2006). It is the duty of the parents to be aware of their childrens health to not only check for eating disorders exactly to also prevent from other diseases.Yom-Tov et al. (2012) illustrated that some of the countries like Israel has taken the precaution of these harmful sites and have illegalise advertisements containing severely underweight models. On the other hand, the onli ne servers (e.g Yahoo, MSN) have taken it upon themselves to create awareness for the harmful drugs used for eating disorder.Overbeke (2008) suggested that by understanding the factors that influences the popularity of these sites, professionals can take relevant steps to prevent popularity of these sites. Clinical scientists should defend against statements such as these where pro-Ana movements is compared with homosexuality, that given time pro-Ana movements will be considered as a chosen lookstyle as homosexuality is considered today (Overbeke, 2008).Treatments could include livement of these sites and how to address these issues with clients to prevent relapse and help acquire a healthy eating behaviors by permit the clients know about the influence these sites have on their health (Csipke and Horne, 2007).In addition to above mentioned precautions that parents and therapist could take, there are some areas of studies that require the attention of researchers to psychoanalys e on. For example, The ambiguity of pro-Ana makes it difficult for the researchers to study on it because different meaning is given to pro-eating disordered movements by many and most of the studies are pilot or descriptive studies that are not evidence enough to make conclusion from to check the real impacts (Overbeke, 2008).Therefore, Yom-Tov et al. (2012) emphasized that future studies can focus on interventions where warnings about the content of the sites should be clear, understandable to any user, and importance should be given to adhere to these warnings to avoid being caught up in problems that whitethorn lead to eating disordered behavior. As mentioned above, the use of blocking from the internet servers for these sites is necessary because a caregiver cannot monitor the users all the time, and parental control software should be present for the users especially to avoid the first time users attention towards these sites.Harithra ChandraseharE-Ana and e-Mia A Content Anal ysis of ProEating Disorder Web Sites is an article by Borzekowski et al. analyzes the content shown in a one hundred and eighty pro-eating disorder websites. According to the article, pro-eating disorder websites are often defined by their urging of viewers to use unconventional and dangerous methods to lose weight such as using laxatives. The article also mentioned that 79% of the websites were interactive thus giving viewers a forum, and that they contain thinspiration, tips and techniques to lose weight, and reverse triggers pictures of morbidly obese people (Borzekowski et al. 2010). What was most fascinating was the details accumulated regarding the sites such as them being very belatedly to understand as they were compiled in eighth grade English which aids its ability to cater to its audience, and more importantly, that most of the sites had themes including bringing control to life through eating-disorders, isolation from those who they think are fat and impure, and as ar tistic transformation (Borzekowski et al., 2010). A drawback of this study is the unavailability of information regarding the underground websites which are pro-eating disorder, as they may contain the most damaging information, as opposed to what is found in the public domain.The article entitle Potential risks of Pro-eating disorder websites claims that despite the negative out-cry against them, that there are currently around five hundred websites which are pro-eating disorders currently on the internet, and that around 200-400 users will be accessing those sites at any given time, while also mentioning that those who view these websites can be girls of twelve years or younger. This article also shed light to three important factors which seem to hightail it the most risk to those viewing a pro-eating disorder website. They are Operation under the guise of support, reinforcement of disordered eating, and prevention of help-seeking and recovery interestingly it also mentions tha t not all pro-eating disorder websites are anti-recovery as some websites encourage the users to seek help when their eating disorder progresses (Rouleau, von Ranson 2010). This does confirm the fact that eating-disorder websites are a forum which provide support and comfort too. However, it is also possible that the triggers in the website may discourage people from seeking help, despite the disclaimer in the beginning of the page. A suggestion to counter these pro-eating disorder websites would be to have a website which appears along with the pro-eating disorder websites, which is run by completely recovered individuals who once lived with eating disorders, who can understand and even guide a person to seek help. The site can even be monitored by clinicians.The research titled What does viewing a pro-Anorexia website do? An experimental examination of website exposure and moderating effects seems to be a remarkably well-thought out study. It is also a study that has been cited by many research articles discussing this topic. Technically, the article seems to be quite a flawless(prenominal) as it covers every aspect necessary, including a pilot study, the randomization of participants, explanation of methods of scrutiny used, and the explanation of results. the results of this study determined that viewing a pro-anorexia website made a significant impact on the participants compared to those who viewed the control websites in terms of a negative mood, low social self-esteem, low appearance self-esteem, higher likelihood to exercise and think about weight in the forthcoming days.This study was a critical point in the research of pro-eating disorder websites as it showed the immediate after effects of viewing one. Unfortunately, it has not followed the participants out of the lab and analyzed how these websites affect their life after the initial viewing despite the debriefing they received and the availability to psychological help. (Bardone-Cone, Cass 200 7). It would be interesting to know whether any of these participants returned to viewing these websites, and to understand what draw them to it as they are considered first-time viewers, (and should technically have no reason to search for companionship in an eating-disorder website which is the reason given by many people animate with eating disorders when asked why they access these sites), and whether viewing these articles and images are as damaging as they were the first time, or if the effect of it reduces each time through desensitization as the Bardone-Cone and Cass study suggests. It would also be interesting to know what changes will occur in the results if the subjects were male, or if they were from a culture that appreciates body fat, or even if it were someone who is obese and having a good self esteem. The variations of the sample are quite necessary as these sites are quite freely available on the internet, and therefore it is important to find out how different people react to these websites, as opposed to only considering the stereotypical relationship between women and anorexia. However, it would be quite dangerous to expose people to sites like these without having a good understanding of their psychological state, as eating disorders can be hidden for so long, and disguised as many other less harmful things that it may be difficult for the researchers to notice changes in a participant unless it is a long term study.The final article disordered eating in a digital age is a questionnaire/survey which was linked to pro-eating disorder websites, which was answered by those accessing the site. The results were then analyzed to determine the harm caused, and although it has been impossible to determine the causality of many of these negative symptoms including low BMI, low quality of life, co-morbidity of illnesses along with psychological diagnosis, and an alarming twenty one sick days in a month of thirty days, but its strongly linked to eating disorders and these websites (Peebles et al. 2012). However, this research had a response rate of less than 40% which is not an adequate sample, while only English websites were accessed. However this study was one of the exceed online studies conducted in this area, was well analyzed, and the article contained the survey for references which can be helpful to the reader.ConclusionThe articles above show comprehensive details about pro-eating disorder websites. Upon careful reviewing of both articles and some of these mentioned websites, it is easy to understand that there is a completely different mind-set attached to those who have purposely disordered eating habits. It seems to be like they think that they have a higher purpose, a better understanding and purer image of the human body. Their mentality seems like that of a cult, a united front with adherence to a strict regime, but its members breaking down within it unable to cope up with the stress and the difficulty, b ut struggling each day, because if they dont, their entire belief carcass and the purpose they have assigned to themselves may fall apart.Perhaps one of the most ethical ways to help these people who may not acknowledge that they require it is by doing more research about pro-eating disorder websites which helps develop their dangerous bonds and by matching each of it with a less harmful web log/website run by clinicians but is suitable and accessible to the general public. Another such proactive action would be having a minimum standard guideline that these pro-eating disorder websites need to adhere to, required by law, where the harm is detailed and the ways to get help are found, like the warning that is mandated on packs of cigarettes. It is best if these websites can be closed down by all internet servers as a matter of public safety, and encourages instead a forum or web pages which speak creatively about the struggles of beating eating disorders and victory.In the case of research, it would be best to do more studies with diverse samples, and to do studies which respect the long term effects of these websites. It would be also interesting to have a research perspective about why these websites should exist, and it would be ideal if this research could be conducted by those who believe in the pro-eating disorder movement as it would be a good way to understand each other, with the basis of science.ReferencesBardone-Cone, A. M., Cass, K. M. (2006) study the Impact of Pro-Anorexia Websites A Pilot Study. European Eating Disorders Review 14, 256-262.Bardone-Cone A M. and Cass K M. (2007) What Does Viewing a Pro-Anorexia Website Do? An Experimental Examination of Website Exposure and moderate Effects, International daybook of Eating Disorders 406 537548 DOI 10.1002/eatBorzekowski D LG, Schenk S, Wilson J L, Peebles R (2010) e-Ana and e-Mia A Content Analysis of ProEating Disorder Web Sites. American Journal of Public Health, Volume 100, No 8.Csipke, E ., Horne, O. (2007) Pro-Eating Disorder websites users opinions. European Eating Disorders Review,Volume 15, Issue 3, pages 196-206.Overbeke, G. (2008) Pro-Anorexia Websites Content, Impact, and Explanations of Popularity. Mind Matters The Wesleyan Jounral of Psychology, 49-62, Vol. 3.Peebles R, Wilson J,Litt I F,Hardy K KLock D (2012) Disordered Eating in a Digital AgeEating Behaviors, Health, and Quality of Life in Users of Websites With Pro-Eating Disorder Content. Journal of Medical Internet Research 14.5Rouleau C R, von Ranson K M (2010) Potential risks of pro-eating disorder websites, Clinical psychology review 31- Elsevier. doi10.1016/j.cpr.2010.12.005Yom-Tov, E., Fernandez-Luque, L., Weber, I., Crain, S. P. (2012) Pro-Anorexia and Pro-Recovery Photo Sharing A tale of Two Warring Tribes. Journal of Medical Internet Research.

When I heard the Learnd Astronomer :: essays research papers

Upon rare occasion, my freshman pal actually decided to pull his nose out of his lousy video game, and join me upon reading this poem. Actually, I should consecrate that I forced him to do this, because he needed to analyze a poem for his own English class, and the music coming from the television was beyond annoying. Anyway, my brothers reaction to the poem was something along the lines of So this guy is basically saying that science, by measuring and investigating nature, somehow detracts from its beauty.Although my initial motivator was to bop him on the head, I re try oned myself and calmly told him that he is an idiot. Where does Walt necessarily disagree with science? He doesnt. It is an assumption on my idiot brothers part that he is drawing a thick line between mechanical theory and natural beauty. The narrator only expresses his disgust for the "professor" subject, as well as the lecture-room crowd, who is, perhaps, pretentious in his own right. He only dislikes the method with which Astronomy is infixed. The poems stark contrast between the two attitudes just serves to present Walts opinion, which is that the subject CAN be more organic, and less robotic. By having the narrator veer towards one extreme over another, Walt ingeniously shows the possibility of middle ground.I know that I just stated the Whitman and the narrative are the same but the fact that the author and the narrator dont always have the same bode of view doesnt necessarily imply that in this case, they have different points of view. Whitman was a follower of the Romantic tradition by and large, his poems do reflect what he feels and believes. If he had wanted to, Im sure he could have distanced himself from his narrators point of view more explicitly since he didnt, I assume that it wasnt his intention to do so.Returning to the poem, flavor the wonderful quality of the verse itself. There is a common misconception that free verse implies a total disregard of form this is, of course, far from the truth. Read aloud, I calculate the way in which Whitman has echoed his reaction to the lecture in the long, somewhat droning lines that make no attempt to mirror the natural rhythms of speech, and the instant easing of strain when he leaves, allowing poetry to reassert itself.

Analysis of Sherman Alexies The Lone Ranger and Tonto Fistfight in Hea

Analysis of Sherman Alexies The Lone Ranger and Tonto Fistfight in Heaven and Smoke SignalsSherman Alexie based on some short stories included in his book, The Lone Ranger and Tonto Fistfight in Heaven, wrote the screenplay for the movie Smoke Signals. Both the movie and the book portray problems that Indians had to deal with, and how they dealt with it. The book is far more complex than the movie, demonstrate a wider variation of characters facing different situations. In the movie there is Victor, the main character, which tries to be the typical Indian, or maybe just a typical man. He shows just hate towards his bring, who left Victor and his mother alone and fled to Phoenix. The picture Victor has about his father is that he was an alcoholic and always tested to talk with his fists. On the other hand there is doubting Thomas, the other main character. He lives a mystical life and is far more emotional than Victor. Thomas has also another point of view about Victor?s father. He remembered him as a nice guy, who took him to Denny?s once. When Victor?s father died, Thomas offered money to help Victor to get to Phoenix and get his father?s ashes and belongings, as long as he could go with Victor. On this part of the movie, it is easy to understand how Victor sees the Indians before the whites. On the bus, he tells Thomas that the only way that white people would respect them is by be serious showing no feelings, not even a smile, being ...